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Summary

According to the species, animal selection is essentially organised in two ways that are very different, implicating a small number of private operators (poultry or fish selection) or a large number of cooperatives or associations coordinated as part of a collective organization (horse and ruminant selection); porcine selection is intermediate between these two systems. Collective selection is regulated on an international scale and in France, is was historically regulated by the government.

Animal selection is practiced as part of the more or less rapid renewal of generations of reproducers and it may be assimilated to data engineering. When two entities reveal strategic for the operators: genetic resources (reproducers and their gametes) and the zootechnical information that characterize them. During the last decade, two "revolutions" one technical and the other social, profoundly modified selection practices and organization as well as information status: (i) the use of genomic selection beginning at the end of the years 2000 and (ii) the adoption in 2016 of the European Zootechnical Regulations (RZUE) applied to all EU member states beginning in November 2018. The presentation will show the factors that have led to the observed differences in organization and will identify the consequences of the profound changes underway, particularly in terms of status and access to zootechnical data.